男人移民对非洲农村妇女福祉的长期后果
Victor Agadjanian1, Sophia Chae2
1University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
概括
长期的劳动力移民对家庭资产和生活满意度产生了积极的影响,特别是当女性感知到移民的好处时. 主观评估更好地捕捉到迁移.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 发展研究 发展研究 研究
背景情况:
- 劳动移民是一个重要的全球现象,影响非移民家庭成员.
- 现有的研究往往缺乏关于移民对福祉影响的长期观点.
- 了解移民对留下的妇女的累积影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查丈夫劳动移民对莫桑比克农村妇女福祉的长期影响.
- 评估移民对物质安全,经济地位,生活满意度和未来期望的影响.
- 为了比较移民质量的客观 (汇款) 和主观 (女性的感知) 措施.
主要方法:
- 利用了莫桑比克农村地区12年的独特纵向面板数据.
- 采用两种方法来衡量移民暴露的累积质量:客观 (汇款) 和主观 (妇女的评估).
- 进行多变量分析,控制各种家庭和个人特征.
主要成果:
- 客观移民质量显示,无论妇女的婚姻状况如何,与家庭资产有显著的积极关联.
- 净资产,客观质量与生活满意度有正相关,但没有感知到的经济地位或未来的期望.
- 主观迁移质量与所有测量结果都显示出积极的关联,即使在对其他因素进行控制之后.
结论:
- 长期的劳动移民显著提高了家庭资产和生活满意度,特别是当女性感知到它的好处时.
- 对移民影响的主观看法是非移民妇女福祉的更全面的指标,而不是单纯的客观汇款措施.
- 调查结果强调了影响劳动移民影响妇女长期福祉的性别复杂性和主观维度.
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