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压力伤害预防措施:系统审查的概述
Franciele Soares Pott1, Marineli Joaquim Meier1, Janislei Giseli Dorociaki Stocco2
1Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P
|December 22, 2023
概括
营养补充剂和专门的支表面,包括恒定的低压,交替压力和替代泡装置,显著减少压力损伤的发生率. 罩在预防这些伤害方面也表现出相当大的有效性.
科学领域:
- 医学科学 医学科学 医学科学
- 临床干预 临床干预
- 证据综合 证据综合
背景情况:
- 压力损伤 (PIs) 是一个重要的医疗保健问题,导致病率和医疗保健成本增加.
- 有效的预防策略对于患者的治疗结果和资源管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合现有系统审查中关于预防压力损伤干预措施有效性的证据.
- 为了比较各种干预措施与标准护理的有效性.
主要方法:
- 进行了遵守科克莱恩指导方针的系统审查概述.
- 在多个数据库,存储库和注册站点进行了全面的搜索,确定了相关的评论.
- 在最终分析中,包括了15个系统审查.
主要成果:
- 与标准的医院饮食相比,营养补充剂显示PI发生率有所降低 (RR=0.83,CI:0.72-0.95).
- 专门的支表面,包括恒定低压表面 (RR=0.38,CI:0.24-0.61),交替压力装置 (RR=0.31,CI:0.17-0.58) 和替代泡 (RR=0.40,CI:0.21-0.74),优于标准床.
- 与没有覆盖相比,覆盖显著降低了75%的PI发病率 (RR=0.25,CI:0.16-0.41).
结论:
- 某些干预措施,如营养补充剂和先进的支表面,在预防压力伤害方面表现出有效性.
- 支持这些干预措施的证据目前有限或非常有限,可能随着进一步的研究而演变.
- 持续的研究和证据综合是完善压力伤害预防策略的必要条件.
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