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相关概念视频

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

656
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
656
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

661
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
661
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

958
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
958
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

699
When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
699
Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

303
Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers...
303

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在 Sr_{2}RuO_{4} 中的平面磁透深度:子旋转和放松研究.

Rustem Khasanov1, Aline Ramires2, Vadim Grinenko3,4

  • 1Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.

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测量了Sr_{2}RuO_{4}中的磁透深度,发现了超导间隙中的节点. 沃洛维克效应和温度依赖性表明,复杂的间隙波是准确建模所必需的.

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科学领域:

  • 凝聚物质物理学 凝聚物质物理学
  • 超导性研究 超导性研究
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

背景情况:

  • Sr_{2}RuO_{4}是一种分层的矿,具有非常规的超导性.
  • 了解其超导差距的性质对于理论模型至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 通过精确的测量来研究 Sr_{2}RuO_{4} 的超导间隙结构.
  • 为了确定磁透深度的温度和磁场依赖性.

主要方法:

  • 使用了旋旋转放松 (μSR) 技术.
  • 测量是在Sr_{2}RuO_{4}单晶上进行的,低至0.015 K.

主要成果:

  • 在平面内磁性透深度 (λ_{ab}) 显示了 λ_{ab}^{-2} 对温度 (T0.7 K) 的线性依赖,这表明有间隙节点.
  • 观察到Volovik效应,进一步支持节点的存在.
  • 在零场和温度 (124(3) nm) 的实验 λ_{ab} 与理论计算一致.

结论:

  • 在Sr_{2}RuO_{4}中的超导隙具有节点.
  • 一个简单的节点间隙模型是不够的;需要更高的角度波来解释观察到的 λ_{ab}^{-2} 的温度依赖性.
  • 这些发现为Sr_{2}RuO_{4}的配对对称提供了关键的见解.