学校层面的劣势,欺凌参与和儿童心理健康之间的联系
Julia R Badger1,2, Mirela Zaneva3, Richard P Hastings4
1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 23, 2023
概括
处境不利的学校的孩子更容易经历欺凌角色,比如欺凌者或欺凌者的受害者. 学校的劣势并没有显著改变欺凌和心理健康结果之间的联系.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年心理学 儿童和青少年心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 欺凌是儿童和青少年心理健康问题的重要危险因素.
- 欺凌是社会模式,在弱势社区的比率更高.
- 对于有针对性的干预措施来说,了解学校层面的弱势在欺凌中的作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查学校层面的劣势与各种欺凌角色之间的关联.
- 为了检查是否学校层面的劣势缓和了欺凌参与和儿童的心理健康之间的关系.
- 根据学校的策略来解决各种环境中的欺凌问题.
主要方法:
- 在英格兰和威尔士的57所小学中,对4727名6至11岁儿童进行了横截面研究.
- 收集关于儿童欺凌参与,欺凌角色 (欺凌者,受害者,欺凌者-受害者等) 的数据. ) 和教师报告的心理健康问题 (情绪化,外向化).
- 学校层面的劣势以有资格享受免费学校午餐的儿童比例来衡量.
主要成果:
- 处境较不利的学校的孩子更有可能成为欺凌者和欺凌者的受害者,并且不太可能成为捍卫者.
- 在欺凌角色和情绪或外部化问题之间没有发现学校层面的劣势的显著缓解效应.
- 一项具体的发现表明,来自弱势学校的孩子欺负他人,他们的情绪症状较少.
结论:
- 基于学校的干预措施应侧重于社会情感发展和促进防御行为,特别是在弱势地区.
- 调查结果强调,需要根据社会经济背景制定量身定制的反欺凌计划.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索弱势,欺凌角色和心理健康结果之间的细微关系.
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