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相关概念视频

Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
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相关实验视频

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Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
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探索成功的认知衰老:关于大脑结构,功能和人口统计的见解

Xinze Xu1, Lan Lin1,2, Shuicai Wu1,2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.

Brain sciences
|December 23, 2023
PubMed
概括

成功的认知衰老与更好的白质完整性和关键区域的大脑活动有关. 健康的生活方式选择,如教育和适度的习惯,也支持老年人的认知性.

关键词:
这就是为什么MRI是MRI.认知老龄化 认知老龄化认知性 认知性多参数成像技术的使用.神经成像是一种神经成像.

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科学领域:

  • 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
  • 老年学是一门学科.
  • 神经成像是一种神经成像.

背景情况:

  • 成功的认知衰老包括保持高认知功能超出年龄预期.
  • 研究缺乏关于生物标志物和促进衰老认知成功的因素的大规模研究.
  • 英国生物库的数据为研究认知衰老提供了宝贵的资源.

研究的目的:

  • 确定与成功的认知衰老相关的大脑生物标志物和生活方式因素.
  • 在性老年人中研究神经成像衍生的表型 (IDP).
  • 探索老龄人口的认知表现和生活方式之间的关系.

主要方法:

  • 从17072名英国生物库参与者中选择了1060名具有高认知性的人 (65岁以上).
  • 使用3特斯拉MRI (T1,dMRI,静止状态fMRI) 来获得IDP (灰质,连接性,白质).
  • 采用统计分析 (ANOVA,曼-惠特尼U,千平方) 来将国内流离失所者和生活方式因素与认知成功联系起来.

主要成果:

  • 在认知能力和白质完整性之间发现了强烈的关联.
  • 成功的老年人表现出听觉,运动,记忆和情绪调节大脑区域的增强活动.
  • 积极的生活方式因素包括高等教育,更低的吸烟率,适度的酒精使用,更好的握力和更快的步行速度.

结论:

  • 成功的认知衰老是由神经生物学因素和生活方式选择的结合决定的.
  • 白质完整性和特定的大脑活动模式是关键指标.
  • 促进健康生活方式的干预措施可以支持老年人群的认知福祉.