抗菌剂在传统养场和天然养场中的使用对微生物群和耐药性的影响
Catrione Lee1,2, Rahat Zaheer1, Krysty Munns1
1Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Government of Canada, 5403 1st Avenue South, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada.
Microorganisms
|December 23, 2023
概括
在畜牧业中使用抗菌剂会影响肠道微生物和耐药基因. 即使在自然养区没有抗生素,抗生素耐药性基因仍然存在,这表明长期的环境选择.
科学领域:
- 微生物学与环境科学 微生物学与环境科学
- 畜牧健康和食品安全问题
- 基因组学和生物信息学
背景情况:
- 在牲畜中使用抗微生物药物 (AMU) 与抗微生物药物耐药性 (AMR) 的增加有关.
- 肉牛行业正在看到禁止使用抗生素的"天然"养区的增长.
- 了解AMU对微生物群落和耐药基因的长期影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查AMU在养场牛对便微生物群,抗体和移动体的影响.
- 为了比较自然 (没有AMU) 和传统 (AMU) 养殖的料场牛之间的微生物和遗传特征.
- 评估抗微生物耐药性基因 (ARG) 在自然生产系统中的持久性.
主要方法:
- 枪支元基因组测序被用来分析便和捕捞盆地样本.
- 分析了微生物组的组成,重点关注特定的细菌.
- 耐药性和移动性的特点是通过识别抗菌素耐药性基因 (ARG) 和它们的位置 (等离子体与染色体) 来进行鉴定.
主要成果:
- 便样本显示,自然养的牛中甲生物菌和特雷波尼马的数量显著下降.
- 在自然和常规料区之间没有观察到类级抗体的显著差异.
- 在自然生长的牛便中,特定的ARG (*mef*A, *tet*40, *tet*O, *tet*Q, *tet*W) 减少.
- 与等离子体相关的ARG在传统养场便中更为普遍.
- 在这两种系统中,染色体宏化物耐药性基因比与等离子体相关的基因更为丰富.
结论:
- 几十年的AMU已经在料场环境中建立了持久的抗体.
- 这些抗体随着时间的推移而被选择,即使在自然生产系统中AMU停止后,仍然可以检测到.
- 这些发现凸显了农业AMU对微生物生态和耐药性基因库的长期影响.
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