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无人机大气响应用于火箭发射支持
Karol Piotr Bęben1, Tomasz Noga2, Dawid Cieśliński2
1Remote Sensing Department, Unmanned Technologies Center, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Aviation, 02-256 Warsaw, Poland.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 23, 2023
概括
这项研究开发了一个无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 系统,用于精确的近地风形状测量,这对于次轨道火箭发射安全至关重要. 该系统提供按需的风力数据,以验证的准确性改进了传统方法.
科学领域:
- 航空航天工程 航空航天工程
- 气象学 天气学
- 无人驾驶系统 无人驾驶系统
背景情况:
- 亚轨道火箭发射需要准确的近地风数据以确保安全,特别是在初始升空期间.
- 现有的风力测量方法 (风塔,数值模型,气象气球) 在发射前的评估方面存在重大局限性.
- 无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 转子对机载气流量计准确性的影响是一个研究不足的领域,需要实验验证.
研究的目的:
- 为了原型和验证一种新的风力测量系统,使用无人机获取近地面风力概况.
- 根据需求提供高频风数据,这些数据对于确保次轨道火箭发射安全至关重要.
- 通过实验评估和量化与无人机上的超声波风传感器相关的测量误差.
主要方法:
- 开发基于无人机的气氛探测系统,配备超声波风传感器.
- 在自然 (室外) 和受控 (室内) 环境中进行飞行测试.
- 将无人机系统的数据与静止的参考气象站进行基准测试,以分析旋转机的影响并量化错误.
主要成果:
- 原型的无人机风力测量系统实现了风速根平均平方误差 (RMSE) 5 m/s.
- 定向准确度表明根平均平方误差 (RMSE) 低于5.3° (平均为1分钟).
- 该系统的可行性通过在次轨道火箭发射运动期间的成功集成和运行得到证实.
结论:
- 这种基于无人机的系统提供了一种可行且有效的解决方案,用于获取火箭发射关键的近地风形状数据.
- 这项研究为无人机上的气流计性能提供了实验验证,解决了现有研究中的差距.
- 这项技术可以进行定期的,自动化的气象测量,大大提高了发射安全协议.
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