什么是"生物塑料"?什么是"生物塑料"? 定义可再生性,生物合成,生物降解性和生物相容性.
Maximilian Lackner1,2,3, Anindya Mukherjee1,2, Martin Koller4
1Go!PHA, Oudebrugsteeg 9, 1012 JN Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Polymers
|December 23, 2023
概括
生物塑料为化石燃料塑料提供了一个可持续的替代品,有可能取代90%的传统塑料. 对生物基和可生物降解性质的明确定义对于其融入循环经济至关重要.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 是一种材料科学.
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
背景情况:
- 来自化石资源的传统塑料在环境中持续存在,由于废物管理基础设施不足,造成了广泛的污染.
- 塑料使用的线性经济模式导致废物,微塑料和有害环境影响的积累.
- 生物塑料,定义为部分生物基和/或生物降解材料,成为减轻塑料污染的潜在解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地讨论生物塑料的各种视角,重点关注生物降解性和生物基碳含量.
- 建立一个共同的理解,对生物塑料材料的分类.
- 探索生物塑料作为循环经济的关键组成部分的作用.
主要方法:
- 对生物塑料现有标准和测试协议进行审查和批判性讨论.
- 对生物塑料性能的科学文献和行业观点的分析.
- 检查与生物基和可生物降解材料相关的定义和术语.
主要成果:
- 生物塑料目前只占塑料市场的1-2%,但具有技术潜力,可以取代高达90%的化石塑料,特别是在包装中.
- 生物塑料具有多样化的应用,包括热塑料,热,弹性体和复合材料,可回收和生物降解性是其关键特征.
- 生物降解的潜力对于管理不善的塑料部分和专为自然环境而设计的特定应用特别重要.
结论:
- 对"生物基"和"生物降解"的明确,标准化的定义对于利益相关者在材料选择和生命周期结束管理方面做出明智决策至关重要.
- 对于"可再生碳"和"生物归因碳"等术语也需要标准化,以促进生物塑料融入循环经济.
- 生物塑料为塑料从线性经济模式向循环经济模式过渡提供了重大机会.
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