在住院患者中SARS-CoV-2疫苗的有效性:一个多中心测试-阴性病例控制研究
Ireri Thirión-Romero1, Rosario Fernández-Plata1, Midori Pérez-Kawabe1
1Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Calz. de Tlalpan 4502, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Vaccines
|December 23, 2023
概括
在COVID-19疫苗接种显示出显著的有效性,在防范SARS-CoV-2感染的住院患者在三角洲变种爆发期间. 现实世界的研究证实了疫苗对严重结果的有效性,强调了疫苗接种计划的重要性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 临床试验证实了SARS-CoV-2疫苗对症状性COVID-19的有效性.
- 现实世界的有效性数据对于了解不同人群中疫苗的性能至关重要.
- 在墨西哥的第三次COVID-19疫情中,Delta变种占主导地位,需要对当地疫苗有效性进行评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估五种不同疫苗对住院患者的SARS-CoV-2感染的有效性.
- 为了评估疫苗在特区变种特征的特定爆发浪潮期间的疫苗性能.
- 为墨西哥人口提供有关COVID-19疫苗有效性的现实证据.
主要方法:
- 在九家三级医院进行了一项检测负的病例控制研究.
- 计算了几率比率 (OR),调整了影响SARS-CoV-2感染风险和严重程度的因素.
- 分析了761名参与者的数据 (371例,390例对照).
主要成果:
- 疫苗在预防感染SARS-CoV-2的住院治疗方面的有效性为至少一剂的71% .
- 一个不完整的疫苗接种方案显示了67%的有效性,而一个完整的方案显示了73%的有效性.
- 经过调整后的分析考虑了年龄,性别,肥胖和糖尿病.
结论:
- 在住院患者中,SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种计划在预防SARS-CoV-2感染方面被证明是有效的.
- 疫苗的有效性甚至在由高度易传播的三角洲变种主导的疫情期间也被观察到.
- 现实世界的数据支持COVID-19疫苗接种策略的持续使用和重要性.
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