卫生行为和COVID-19大流行:COVID-19强加的卫生行为变化的机会
Adnan Sirage Ali1, Meseret W Yohannes1, Tsedey Tesfahun1
1Kotebe University of Education, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
概括
埃塞俄比亚的COVID-19大流行导致了迅速的卫生行为变化,主要是由恐惧和意识驱动的. 然而,这些变化不是长期可持续的,这表明需要持续的公共卫生战略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 预防传染病 预防传染病
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19的流行,需要在埃塞俄比亚迅速实施世界卫生组织的战略.
- 这导致了对卫生行为的显著,尽管可能是暂时的转变,这对预防疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估COVID-19诱导的卫生行为对未来公共卫生挑战的可持续性.
- 确定影响这些卫生实践的采用和延续的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项在亚的斯亚贝巴进行的研究,涉及622名通过系统随机抽样选择的受访者.
- 通过调查问卷和个人卫生条件的观察实地检查收集数据.
- 统计分析包括比例,奇二测试和波桑回归.
主要成果:
- 在大流行期间,洗手频率显著增加 (P < .005).
- 很高的百分比的受访者表现出清洁的手 (76.8%),指甲 (68.7%),和头发 (70.7%).
- 关键的驱动因素是意识 (95%),恐惧/恐慌 (90%),以及改善获得水/肥 (63%).
- 流行病后不遵守的原因包括感知到的威胁减少 (26%) 和设施访问减少 (20%).
结论:
- 虽然COVID-19干预措施成功增加了洗手频率,但这种行为变化主要是恐惧驱动的,而不是可持续的.
- 这些发现强调了需要持续,多方面的方法超越危机驱动的意识,以促进持久的卫生行为变化.
- 持续的干预对于嵌入良好的卫生实践对于未来的传染病威胁至关重要.
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