针对COVID-19感染的多方面的失调免疫反应解释了临床异质性
Suman K Paine1, Parveena Choudhury1, Mahabub Alam1
1National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India.
Cytokine
|December 23, 2023
概括
感染SARS-CoV-2会导致免疫失调,包括M1φ枯竭和T细胞枯竭. 识别这些免疫特征可以预测疾病的严重程度,并指导未来为病毒性呼吸道疾病做好准备.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- SARS-CoV-2 感染表现出显著的临床异质性和多样化的预后.
- 改变免疫反应,特别是超炎症 (细胞因子风暴),与不良结果有关.
- 对先天性和适应性免疫相互作用的全面理解对于有效的干预策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 识别与SARS-CoV-2感染进展和严重程度相关的免疫学特征.
- 分析不同疾病严重程度的患者内在和适应性免疫反应之间的相互作用.
- 为了发现区分SARS-CoV-2感染轨迹的潜在生物标志物.
主要方法:
- 从79名住院的SARS-CoV-2患者 (轻度/中度至重度) 的血液样本进行了广泛的免疫类型鉴定.
- 包括健康对照和康复的捐赠者进行比较分析.
- 分析的重点是先天性和适应性免疫细胞群和激活标志物.
主要成果:
- 在SARS-CoV-2感染的临床谱中观察到多种免疫失调.
- 确定了四种主要的免疫表型失调:M1φ枯竭,T细胞枯竭 (CD4+/CD8+PD1,TIM3,LAG3激活),不适当的淋巴细胞分化 (CD4原始细胞增加,记忆B/T细胞;TLR2/4/TIGIT减少) 和细胞因子风暴.
- 展示了与疾病严重程度和预后相关的独特的免疫学特征.
结论:
- 该研究确定了SARS-CoV-2感染中的关键免疫失调,超出了细胞因子风暴.
- 特定的免疫表型作为潜在的生物标志物来区分感染轨迹.
- 这些发现对于优化治疗策略和提高对当前和未来病毒性呼吸道疾病的准备能力至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
789
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
789
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
11.8K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
11.8K
01:25Immunodeficiency Diseases
945
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
945
01:36Humoral Immune Responses
72.7K
Overview
72.7K
01:28Inflammatory Response
2.0K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
2.0K