慢性间歇性缺氧减弱了低分泌运动核的诺亚上腺体内置
Rachael Herlihy1, Leonardo Frasson Dos Reis1, Anzor Gvritishvili2
1Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
|December 23, 2023
概括
慢性间歇性缺氧 (CIH) 减少了与气道肌肉的神经连接,使阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 和体重恶化,特别是在男性中. 这可能解释了为什么男性更容易患上OSA的进展.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 呼吸系统生理学 呼吸系统生理学
背景情况:
- 低分泌机动神经元的诺拉丁激活对于保持上呼吸道通透性至关重要.
- 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 涉及慢性间歇性缺氧 (CIH),这是神经退行症的危险因素.
- 了解CIH对控制呼吸的神经通路的影响对于OSA病理生理学至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在小鼠中映射出从noradrenergic A7和subcoeruleus神经元到hypoglossal核的轴突投射.
- 调查CIH对这些特定神经投射的影响.
- 在CIH的反应中探索基于性别的差异.
主要方法:
- 在DBH-cre小鼠中使用了前级标记物和通道罗多普辛-2.
- 从A7和SubCoeruleus noradrenergic神经元到低分泌核的轴突突投射映射.
- 评估了CIH暴露与假治疗对这些预测和动物体重的影响.
主要成果:
- CIH显著减少了SubCoeruleus神经元向下核的投射 (背部减少68%,腹部减少73%).
- CIH对动物的体重产生了负面影响,男性的影响比女性更明显.
- A7神经元显示出有限的投射到低分泌核.
结论:
- 由CIH诱导的下神经元的诺亚上腺体内置的减少可能会使OSA恶化.
- 这些发现表明,在男性中增加OSA严重程度和进展的潜在机制.
- 根据性别对CIH的敏感性会影响观察到的神经生物学和生理变化.
相关概念视频
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants
1.3K
Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
1.3K
Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla
1.6K
The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem responsible for controlling various autonomic and involuntary functions. It contains several nuclei, including the olivary, cuneate, gracile, and solitary nuclei.
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
1.6K
Brainstem
2.1K
The brainstem, located inferior to the brain and superior to the spinal cord, serves as a bridge between the cerebrum and the spinal cord. It plays a vital role in relaying information and controlling critical life functions. It comprises three primary regions: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...
2.1K
Physiology of Respiration II: Neurogenic Control of Respiration
648
The neurogenic control of respiration coordinates various neural networks and pathways to regulate breathing rate and depth, meeting the body's oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange requirements. This system adapts to physiological and environmental conditions, ensuring optimal breathing patterns.
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
648
Cranial Nerves: Types Part II
2.5K
Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
Cranial nerve VII, or the facial nerve,...
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
Cranial nerve VII, or the facial nerve,...
2.5K
Hypoxia
1.1K
Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
1.1K


