儿童贫困和学业准备:根据贫困类型和移民背景的差异
Randip Gill1,2, Mohammad Ehsanul Karim2,3, Joseph H Puyat2,3
1Human Early Learning Partnership, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
SSM - population health
|December 25, 2023
概括
在0-2岁之间经历家庭和社区贫困的儿童在学业准备方面表现出更大的脆弱性. 这种对早期发展的负面影响,无论贫困时间或移民身份如何,都会持续下去.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 社会经济因素 社会经济因素
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 贫困显著影响儿童的发展,但不同类型的贫困对不同移民背景的学业准备的具体影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解这些细微差别对于有针对性的干预和公平的教育支持至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查家庭和/或社区贫困,贫困时间和移民背景与幼儿园学校准备之间的关系.
- 评估贫困的综合暴露如何影响儿童的发展结果.
主要方法:
- 一项以人口为基础的回顾性队列研究,使用加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省15369名儿童的相关行政和教师调查数据.
- 社区贫困定义为低收入五分之一;家庭贫困定义为医疗保险补贴.
- 通过幼儿园的早期发展工具 (EDI) 的教师评级来评估学校的准备程度.
主要成果:
- 与没有贫困的儿童相比,暴露于贫困 (0-2岁) 的儿童在学校准备脆弱性 (aOR=2.07) 的几率翻了一番.
- 综合贫困的影响大于仅家庭贫困 (aOR=1.54) 或仅社区贫困 (aOR=1.49).
- 负面影响在非移民和第二代移民中是一致的,无论贫困的时机如何.
结论:
- 家庭和社区贫困的结合显著增加了多个学业准备领域的脆弱性.
- 早期暴露于联合贫困对学校准备有重大风险,影响儿童无论移民身份或暴露的时间如何.
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