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流感A介导的对SARS-CoV-2的现有免疫水平可以预测早期的COVID-19爆发动态

Nerea Martín Almazán^1,2,3, Afsar Rahbar^1,2, Marcus Carlsson⁴

¹Department of Medicine, Unit for Microbial Pathogenesis, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.

|December 25, 2023

概括

季节性流感疫苗接种提供了由于交叉免疫的早期SARS-CoV-2感染的保护. 预先存在的对流感的免疫力,如NGVEGF,显著减少了严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 爆发.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
病毒学病毒学
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

对严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的易感性有所不同,可能是由于先前存在的免疫力.
SARS-CoV-2和其他病毒 (如甲型流感和人类疹病毒) 之间的交叉反应是潜在的因素.

研究的目的:

研究SARS-CoV-2和其他常见病毒之间的交叉保护性免疫力.
探索先前存在的免疫在调节SARS-CoV-2感染易感性和疫情动态中的作用.

主要方法:

确定了SARS-CoV-2和流感A (H1N1,H3N2) 和HHV-6A/B之间的交叉反应性.
在献血者中评估了对关键交叉反应 (NGVEGF) 的抗体患病率.
评估了季节性流感疫苗接种对SARS-CoV-2中和能力和T细胞免疫力的影响.
利用数学建模将流感前免疫与SARS-CoV-2爆发模式相关联.

主要成果:

来自H1N1的 (NGVEGF) 与关键的SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白动机相同.
62%-73%的COVID-19阴性捐赠者在接种疫苗之前对NGVEGF具有抗体.
流感疫苗接种提高了SARS-CoV-2的中和能力和T细胞对该的反应.
数学模型根据流感前免疫力准确预测了早期的SARS-CoV-2疫情.

结论:

交叉免疫,特别是流感,在调节SARS-CoV-2易感性方面发挥着重要作用.
流感疫苗接种提供了对早期SARS-CoV-2感染的保护.
预先存在的流感免疫力抑制了SARS-CoV-2爆发的初始浪潮.

关键词:

免疫反应的免疫反应.免疫学免疫学免疫学病毒学病毒学

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