种族意识形态,制度的正当化,以及全世界对非洲裔美国人的公正信仰
Sydney Katherine Johnson1, Kendra Thomas2
1Department of Educational Psychology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|December 25, 2023
概括
非洲裔美国人的民族主义意识形态显著地预测了对一个公正的世界和制度正当性的信仰. 这项研究探讨了种族意识形态如何影响这个人口群体对正义的看法.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 种族和民族研究研究.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 相信一个公正的世界和系统的理由理论往往忽略了弱势群体的观点,特别是有色人种.
- 以前的研究还没有同时检查这些构造在非洲裔美国人的参与者.
- 了解种族意识形态如何塑造非裔美国人对正义的看法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查种族意识形态与对一个公正的世界 (BJW) 的信仰和非洲裔美国人的系统理由 (SJ) 之间的关系.
- 探索四种特定的种族意识形态:同化主义,人文主义,民族主义和被压迫的少数民族.
- 为了确定种族意识形态是否预测BJW和SJ得分.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及261名非裔美国人的定量研究.
- 在线调查利用种族意识形态的多维种族身份模型 (MMRI).
- 包括一般和个人公正世界尺度和一般系统理由调查.
主要成果:
- 层次线性回归分析揭示了重要的预测关系.
- 发现民族主义意识形态是系统正当化和普遍公正世界信仰的重要预测因素.
结论:
- 种族意识形态,特别是民族主义意识形态,在塑造非裔美国人对社会公平和正义的看法方面发挥着重要作用.
- 研究结果强调了在检查与社会正义相关的心理构造时考虑种族身份和意识形态的重要性.
- 这项研究扩大了对多样化人口中的公正世界信仰和系统理由的理解.
相关概念视频
02:55Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
90.2K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.2K
01:14Fundamental Attribution Error
12.9K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.9K
01:31In- and Out-Groups
39.0K
People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
39.0K
02:09Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
37.6K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
37.6K
02:16Stereotype Content Model
14.7K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
14.7K
02:16Surveys
14.8K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.8K