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运动和游泳:通用描述和通用轨迹
Alexander Farutin1, Suhail M Rizvi1,2, Wei-Fan Hu3
1Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
The European physical journal. E, Soft matter
|December 25, 2023
概括
自主粒子,如细胞和人工游泳器,可以表现出直线,圆形或螺旋运动,没有粒子或介质不对称. 这些自相对应的轨迹源于活跃的度场中的自发对称性破坏.
科学领域:
- 活性物质的物理学 活性物质的物理学
- 微观的移动机器
- 非线性动力学是一种非线性动力学.
背景情况:
- 在生物细胞和人工微游泳器中观察到自主运动.
- 复杂的轨迹 (直线,曲线,随机) 通常归因于粒子/介质不对称或外部因素.
- 了解控制微游泳者轨迹的基本机制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了证明直线,圆形和螺旋轨迹可以在活性物质系统中自然出现.
- 为了展示这些轨迹的出现,不需要粒子或介质不对称.
- 分析自我一致的解决方案和自发的对称性破坏的作用.
主要方法:
- 一般的理论考虑,而不依赖于特定的模型形式.
- 自相一致的解决方案的分析,其中系统状态在旋转和转换下是相同的.
- 探究导致自发对称性破坏的叉分叉的研究.
- 开发和分析一个简单的,准确的可解决的线性粒子的非线性模型.
主要成果:
- 在活性度场中的粒子自然出现直线,圆形和螺旋轨迹,独立于粒子/介质不对称性.
- 这些轨迹对应于自相对应的解决方案,表明自发的对称性破坏.
- 一个可解决的模型展示了从非运动到直,圆和螺旋运动的过渡,通过破坏对称的分叉.
结论:
- 活性系统中的粒子轨迹复杂性不仅仅取决于不对称性.
- 自相一致和自发的对称性破坏是驱动各种运动模式的关键机制.
- 观察到的轨迹是由模型参数决定的,而不是外部不对称.
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