人类测量指标,身体构成,力量和生命能力的年龄相关研究在马斯特斯田径:如何推迟肉症
Olga Safonicheva1, Victoria Zaborova1, Irina Lazareva1
1Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
Clinical interventions in aging
|December 26, 2023
概括
老年人定期参加体育运动会导致更好的人体指标和身体组成. 体育老兵表现出更大的肌肉质量和更低的脂肪质量,这表明对萨尔科佩尼亚和心血管风险有好处.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
背景情况:
- 衰老与生理变化有关,包括潜在的肌肉质量损失 (肉症) 和心血管风险增加.
- 定期体育活动的健康益处已得到广泛认可,但其对老年人特定的人类测量和生理标记的长期影响需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较体育退伍军人,停止训练的前运动员和40岁及以上的非运动员个人之间的人类学指标和身体组成.
- 评估持续的定期体育活动对老龄化人口的身体稳定性和健康标志物的长期影响.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及100名40岁以上的运动员和31名非运动员的比较研究.
- 运动员被分为继续定期运动的人 (n=75) 和停止训练的人 (n=25).
- 测量包括身高,体重,各种周长 (胸部,肩膀,前臂),移动性,腰部,部,脚的测量,身体脂肪和肌肉质量,以及动力计.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,体育老兵在60岁后的体重显著降低.
- 在体育老兵和对照人群中观察到更高的胸部外围和肩围.
- 与对照组相比,第一组的年轻年龄组 (40-59岁) 的强迫生命能力指数 (FVC) 显著更高.
- 体育老兵表现出更高的肌肉质量和更低的脂肪质量百分比,特别明显在40-49岁的年龄段.
结论:
- 与未经训练的同龄人相比,体育老兵保持了较高的四肢周长和肌肉力量.
- 持续的运动活动与减少脂肪组织和增强肌肉质量保存有关.
- 这些发现表明,定期参加体育运动可以减轻肉症的发展,并积极影响老年人的心血管风险因素.
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