美国各州的酒精和大麻政策之间的关系,1999-2019年
Timothy S Naimi1, Marlene C Lira2, Seema Choksy Pessar3
1Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
|December 26, 2023
概括
从1999年到2019年,大麻政策迅速自由化,而酒精政策保持稳定. 国家一级的酒精和大麻政策显示出弱相关性,因时间,地区和政治而有所不同.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 政策分析 政策分析
- 药物使用研究研究 药物使用研究
背景情况:
- 大麻合法化对酒精消费和伤害的影响是一个关键的公共卫生问题.
- 了解酒精和大麻政策环境之间的相互作用对于公共卫生结果至关重要.
- 关于州级酒精和大麻政策之间的关系的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 构建全面的州级酒精和大麻政策指数.
- 探索酒精政策的限制性和大麻政策的自由化之间的关系.
- 从1999年到2019年分析酒精和大麻政策的趋势.
主要方法:
- 评估了1999-2019年酒精政策量表 (APS) 和大麻政策量表 (CPS) 之间的关系.
- 根据权重国家级政策制定APS和CPS,反映有效性和实施情况.
- 分析了各州的政策趋势和相关性,控制时间,地区和政党.
主要成果:
- 酒精政策量表 (APS) 的得分略有增加 (更具限制),而大麻政策量表 (CPS) 的得分从1999年至2019年减少 (不那么有限制).
- 2019年的APS分数在各州有着不同的大麻政策 (禁用,非犯罪化,医疗,娱乐) 时相似.
- 在各州的酒精和大麻政策限制性之间没有发现显著的相关性 (r = .03,p = .37),在固定效应模型中存在弱负相关性.
结论:
- 在1999年至2019年期间,大麻政策显著自由化,而酒精政策基本保持稳定.
- 根据大麻政策自由化的程度,酒精和大麻政策没有显著差异.
- 在州级大麻和酒精政策之间观察到较弱的关联,随着时间,地区和政治关系的变化而有所变化.
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