强化食品作为药物计划对健康和医疗保健使用的影响:一项随机临床试验
Joseph Doyle1, Marcella Alsan2, Nicholas Skelley3
1Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge.
JAMA internal medicine
|December 26, 2023
概括
强化食品作为药物的计划增加了预防性医疗保健的使用,但没有改善糖尿病和粮食不安全的成年人的血糖控制. 需要进一步的研究来优化这些干预措施,以获得更好的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 临床医学 临床医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 食品作为药物的计划正在获得引力,需要对其健康影响进行基于证据的研究.
- 患有2型糖尿病和粮食不安全症的患者经常面临管理他们的病情的挑战,因为他们获得营养食物的机会有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估2型糖尿病和粮食不安全症患者在血糖控制和医疗保健利用方面的密集食品药物计划的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个分层的随机临床试验与等候名单设计进行了一年.
- 参与者可以立即进入该计划,也可以通过延迟的干预,在6个月和12个月后进行跟踪.
- 该计划包括健康的杂货,营养师咨询和糖尿病教育,用于HbA1c水平为8%或更高的人.
主要成果:
- 食品作为药物计划导致了预防性医疗保健的增加,包括更多的饮食师访问和更高的某些糖尿病药物的使用率.
- 在6个月后,治疗组和对照组之间没有观察到血糖控制 (HbA1c水平) 的显著差异.
- 与对照组相比,该计划的参与者报告说,他们的饮食习惯有所改善.
结论:
- 强化食品作为药物的干预措施可以加强2型糖尿病和粮食不安全患者的预防性医疗保健参与.
- 这些计划的实施并没有显示出与通常护理相比,血糖控制的显著改善.
- 需要进一步的研究来开发和完善食品作为药物的策略,有效地改善目标人群的健康结果.
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