行为问题,感官处理特征和学龄前儿童睡眠之间的结构关系.
Shigeki Kurasawa1, Kiyomi Tateyama2, Ryoichiro Iwanaga3
1Shigeki Kurasawa, PhD, OTR, is Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; kurasawa@fmu.ac.jp.
概括
学前儿童的感官敏感性和睡眠问题与行为问题有关. 这项研究开发了一个模型,展示了这些因素以及注意力缺陷和不安腿综合征如何导致行为挑战.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿科职业治疗 儿科职业治疗
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
背景情况:
- 以前的研究表明,感官处理困难与儿童的行为问题之间存在联系.
- 众所周知,儿童的睡眠障碍会加剧外化和内化行为问题.
- 幼儿的感官处理和睡眠之间的确切关系尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 构建一个结构性因果模型 (SCM),研究一种假设:在学龄前儿童中,感官处理困难和睡眠问题是相互关联的.
- 探索这些相互关联的因素对儿童早期行为问题的发展的潜在贡献.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及168名来自日本学前和幼儿园的3-5岁儿童的横截面研究.
- 通过家长报告的问卷收集的数据:简短的感官概况-日本版本 (SSP-J),日本学龄前儿童睡眠问卷 (JSQ-P) 和1.5-5岁儿童行为检查清单.
- 对SSP-J和JSQ-P进行因子分析以确定共同因素,然后进行结构方程建模以开发SCM.
主要成果:
- 因素分析确定了四个关键因素:注意力缺陷,感官敏感性,睡眠问题和不安腿综合征症状.
- 开发的结构方程模型显示了可接受的适应指数 (GFI = .862,RMSEA = .087).
- 该模型表明,感官敏感性,睡眠困难和行为问题之间存在显著的关系.
结论:
- 该研究的模型表明,感官敏感性和睡眠困难可能是导致学龄前儿童行为问题的重要因素.
- 职业治疗从业者应考虑感官处理和睡眠模式,当解决儿童的行为问题.
- 准确评估感官处理和睡眠对于有效管理学龄前儿童的行为挑战至关重要.
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