在面临武装冲突的领土背景下与欺凌相关的风险因素:一个横截面研究
Jorge Emilio Salazar Flórez1, Walter Humberto Montoya2, Luz Stella Giraldo Cardona1
1San Martin University Foundation, Sabaneta, Antioquia.
Journal of interpersonal violence
|December 27, 2023
概括
学校暴力和欺凌是普遍存在的公共卫生问题,特别是在冲突地区. 这项研究确定了青少年攻击和欺凌的风险因素,为预防策略提供了信息.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 青少年心理学 青少年心理学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 学校暴力和欺凌对公共卫生构成重大挑战,特别是在受武装冲突影响的地区.
- 在这样的环境中,青少年面临着双重负担,即接触暴力.
- 了解患病率和风险因素对于制定有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计青少年中不同形式的学校暴力 (事和受害) 的流行程度.
- 识别与成为凌者和凌受害者相关的风险因素.
- 为学校和社区环境中的预防策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及2185名来自9所教育机构的青少年的横截面研究,这些青少年来自哥伦比亚一个有武装冲突历史的自治市.
- 系统的随机抽样与比例分配.
- 使用学校共存和影响学校共存的情况 (ECECA) 调查收集的数据.
- 患病率和风险比率 (RRa) 通过通用线性模型 (Poisson家族,对数链接函数) 计算.
主要成果:
- 欺凌受害的发生率为9.3%,欺凌的发生率为3.5%.
- 欺凌行为的危险因素包括男性性别,10-14岁,农村/分散居住,暴力邻居,学校的酒精消费和童年侵略史.
- 欺凌受害的风险因素包括15岁以下的年龄,城市居住,童年侵略史,知名人士的虐待以及在学校的酒精消费.
结论:
- 确定了在学校实施和经历暴力和欺凌的特定风险因素.
- 调查结果强调了需要针对个人,家庭和学校环境的多领域预防策略.
- 有证据支持制定有针对性的干预措施,以减轻受冲突影响社区的学校暴力.
相关概念视频
Bullying
8.4K
A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is...
8.4K
Conduct Disorder
36
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
36
Antisocial Personality Disorder
46
Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
Behavioral Characteristics and...
Behavioral Characteristics and...
46
Bystander Effect
9.6K
The discussion of bullying highlights the problem of witnesses not intervening to help a victim. This is a common occurrence, as the following well-publicized event demonstrates. In 1964, in Queens, New York, a 19-year-old woman named Kitty Genovese was attacked by a person with a knife near the back entrance to her apartment building and again in the hallway inside her apartment building. When the attack occurred, she screamed for help numerous times and eventually died from her stab wounds.
9.6K
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
91
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
91
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
31
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
31


