在两个样本中,青少年暴露于社区暴力和与课外活动的关联
Francheska Alers-Rojas1, Rosario Ceballo2, James A Cranford3
1Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
Journal of adolescence
|December 27, 2023
概括
暴露于社区暴力 (ECV) 影响城市青少年. 课外活动,如非结构化的社交活动,可能会增加ECV风险,而家庭活动可能会提供保护.
科学领域:
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 社区暴力暴露 (ECV) 是美国城市青年的一个重大公共卫生问题.
- 根据ECV确定青少年的不同小组对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
- 了解校外活动与ECV相关的作用,对于制定有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 根据他们接触社区暴力 (ECV) 的情况,确定不同的青少年子组.
- 在两个不同的青少年样本中检查各种课外活动和ECV子组之间的关系.
- 调查课后参与模式如何随着时间的推移与ECV的关联而有所不同.
主要方法:
- 利用探索性潜伏类分析在两个青少年样本中识别ECV亚组.
- 第1项研究包括来自芝加哥社区人类发展项目 (1994-2002) 的1432名青少年.
- 第二项研究涉及537名来自芝加哥和底特律 (2015-2017) 校外活动研究 (ASAS) 的青少年.
主要成果:
- 隐性类分析在研究1中确定了三个ECV子组 (没有,低,高ECV),在研究2中确定了四个 (没有,中等证人/低受害者,高证人/中等受害者,高ECV).
- 在研究2中,家庭活动显示出对高ECV的保护作用.
- 在这两项研究中,学校活动与较高的ECV有关,而非结构化的社交活动与两项研究中的ECV概率增加有关. 只有在研究1中,以社区为基础的活动与更高的ECV有关.
结论:
- 青少年可以根据他们接触社区暴力而被分为不同的子组.
- 课外活动呈现出对ECV的危险和保护因素的复杂相互作用.
- 研究结果强调了ECV风险因素在历史和当代背景下不断变化的性质.
相关概念视频
Bullying
8.4K
A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is...
8.4K
Group Design
8.9K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
8.9K
Conduct Disorder
36
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
36
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity
56
Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth....
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth....
56
Robbers Cave
14.3K
During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension...
14.3K
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
33
Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
33


