将大型海底捕食动物的垂直移动与生物质在公海中的分布模式联系起来
Camrin D Braun1, Alice Della Penna2,3, Martin C Arostegui1
1Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543.
概括
捕食者经常潜入深海区域,卫星标记显示它们的移动与深处的猎物层保持一致. 这表明深海生物质对海洋捕食者的生态价值很高.
科学领域:
- 深海生态 深海生态
- 海洋掠食者-猎物动态
- 海海洋学是海上海洋的海洋学.
背景情况:
- 许多海洋捕食者进行垂直迁移到深海区域 (200-3000米).
- 这些深海游览的生态意义和功能作用尚不清楚.
- 了解这些运动对于评估人类活动对深海生态系统的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究深海猎物分布与北大西洋捕食者垂直息地使用之间的相关性.
- 用卫星标记和预测猎物模型分析12种捕食者物种的行为.
- 评估深海鱼生物质对商业重要捕食者的生态价值.
主要方法:
- 整合了来自344个个体的卫星标记数据 (涵盖约150万公里和约42,000天).
- 开发一个预测模型,用于深海鱼猎物层的位置.
- 将高分辨率的掠食者运动数据与船上的声学数据进行比较.
主要成果:
- 几乎所有被标记的捕食者都访问了黄昏区域 (200-1000米),许多捕食者也访问了午夜区域 (1000-3000米).
- 捕食者的深度使用与至少一半研究物种的预测深度猎物分布保持一致.
- 深海生物质似乎对许多商业重要海洋捕食者具有相当大的生态价值.
结论:
- 深海区是各种捕食物种重要的食地.
- 捕食者的移动受到深海猎物的可用性的影响,突出显示了海底动物食物网的相互联系.
- 深海采矿活动需要仔细评估对生态系统服务的潜在干扰.
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