从北美发现的普莱斯托时代晚期美洲美洲虎的线粒基因组分析
Megha Srigyan1, Blaine W Schubert2, Matthew Bushell2
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.
The Journal of heredity
|December 27, 2023
概括
古老的美洲虎DNA揭示了它的血统在现代多样性之内. 这一发现表明,来自北美的大型普莱斯托时代美洲美洲虎不是一个独特的物种或亚种.
科学领域:
- 古遗传学是古遗传学的一部分.
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 美洲虎 (Panthera onca) 是美洲最大的猫,但其在纪灭绝期间的多样性仍在争论中.
- 来自北美的较大的普世美洲美洲虎化石表明,这可能是已灭绝的亚种 (Panthera onca augusta) 或物种 (Panthera augusta).
研究的目的:
- 为了研究北美大型,晚期普莱斯托时代的美洲虎与现存的美洲虎的进化关系.
- 为了澄清美洲虎的多样性和分类学地位,在普莱斯托时代末期的灭绝事件.
主要方法:
- 杂交捕获被用来从普莱斯托时代晚期的美洲虎化石中恢复一个古代的线粒体基因组.
- 古老的美洲虎线粒基因组被测序并与包括现代美洲虎在内的已灭绝和现存的大型类动物的线粒基因组进行比较.
主要成果:
- 古代美洲虎的线粒基因组属于已知的现存美洲虎的遗传多样性.
- 所有采样的美洲虎线粒基因组都有一个共同的线粒体祖先,大约在40万年前.
- 古代标本的血统可能在普世晚期从南方分散到北美.
结论:
- 来自格鲁吉亚的大型晚期普莱斯托时代的美洲虎不代表一个独特的分类,而是属于现存的美洲虎的变异.
- 美洲虎的血统有着从南向北美洲扩散的历史.
- 来自较老的标本的进一步基因组数据将增强对纪美洲虎多样性的理解.
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