各种高脂肪饮食对基因表达和小鼠肠道内的微生物群的影响
Jose Martinez-Lomeli1,2, Poonamjot Deol3,4, Jonathan R Deans2
1Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
Scientific reports
|December 27, 2023
概括
高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 显著改变肠道基因表达和微生物组合. HFD中的不同脂肪酸概况会影响新陈代谢,免疫功能和肠道健康,这对疾病风险有影响.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 与许多健康问题有关,包括肥胖,糖尿病,脂肪肝,炎症性肠病 (IBD) 和结肠癌.
- 了解不同饮食脂肪成分对肠道健康的影响,对于疾病预防和管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究等热度HFD中的不同脂肪酸组成如何影响小鼠肠道不同部分的基因表达.
- 确定由HFDs失调的特定基因和途径,包括与代谢,免疫和疾病风险相关的基因和途径.
主要方法:
- 使用RNA测序 (RNA-seq) 分析小鼠肠道四个不同的部分 (十二指肠,阴,末端阴,靠近结肠) 的肠道基因表达.
- 三种不同脂肪酸来源的同热量高度液体的比较:子油 (和),常规大豆油 (多不和) 和转基因大豆油 (单不和).
- 基因组测序以评估肠道微生物组的变化.
主要成果:
- 在对不同HFDs的反应中,在所有肠道部分观察到许多基因的显著失调.
- 参与新陈代谢的基因通常被上调,而与免疫系统相关的基因被HFDs降低.
- HFDs改变了与核受体,异生菌/药物代谢,上皮屏障功能,IBD,结肠癌,微生物组和COVID-19相关的基因,以及失调的神经递质信号.
结论:
- 饮食中的脂肪酸成分极大地影响肠道基因表达和肠道微生物群.
- HFDs可以导致广泛的基因失调,这可能导致代谢障碍,炎症状况和癌症.
- 这项研究为肠道沿线的基因表达模式提供了全面的参考,以应对不同的HFD.
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