对自闭症谱系障碍的客观评估是基于在结构化的人际行为任务中表现的表现,具有前性稳定性和可变性
Keiko Ochi1, Masaki Kojima2, Nobutaka Ono3
1Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
概括
这项研究对患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和典型发育 (TD) 的成年人进行了定量分析. 机器学习使用语音模式准确地识别了自闭症,这表明了评估症状的新工具.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 语音语言病理学 语音语言病理学
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,其特点是社会沟通缺陷.
- 对ASD核心症状的客观和定量评估仍然是一个挑战.
- 语音中的前音特征为ASD提供了潜在的生物标志物.
研究的目的:
- 客观地描述高功能自闭症和典型发育 (TD) 的成年人之间的表征差异.
- 为了研究结构化语音任务的实用性,以揭示prosodic变异.
- 为了评估prosodic特征对自动ASD评估的潜力.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及大声阅读脚本的结构化语音实验对具有高功能自闭症和年龄/智力匹配的TD对照的男性成年人进行了管理.
- 分析了包括基本频率,强度和摩拉持续时间在内的prosodic特征.
- 机器学习模型 (SVM和SVR) 用于组分类和症状严重程度评估.
主要成果:
- 与TD相比,ASD个体在一些情感表达 (例如,愤怒,悲伤) 中表现出稳定的音调和音量,但在时间和重点任务中表现出不稳定的表现.
- 自动分类ASD与TD组使用语音特征实现了90.4%的准确性.
- 基于机器学习的ASD核心症状严重性的评估显示出良好的表现.
结论:
- 结构化语音任务可以揭示与ASD个体不同的prosodic特征.
- 语音修饰具有开发客观,自动化的ASD评估工具的巨大潜力.
- 进一步的研究可能会导致对ASD核心症状的可访问诊断辅助工具.
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