减少材料表面的细菌和真菌生物负担,采用各种适用于航天器净化污染的灭菌技术
Shunta Kimura1,2,3, Shu Ishikawa4, Nobuya Hayashi5
1Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, Japan.
Frontiers in microbiology
|December 28, 2023
概括
保护行星需要有效的航天器灭菌. 这项研究比较了干热,UV,IPA,H2O2,VHP和血,发现干热适用于坚固的部件,而VHP/血适用于敏感的部件,指导了杀菌方法的选择.
科学领域:
- 太空科学和天体生物学
- 微生物学和灭菌技术
背景情况:
- 行星保护可以防止天体和地球之间的微生物污染.
- 太空探索任务需要在航天器上严格降低生物负担.
- 选择有效的灭菌方法至关重要,以避免损坏敏感的航天器部件.
研究的目的:
- 系统地比较各种生物负担减轻技术的有效性.
- 评估对具有不同耐药性概况的微生物的灭菌方法.
- 为选择适当的灭菌技术提供标准,以进行先进的行星保护.
主要方法:
- 测试了干热,紫外线,异醇 (IPA),过氧化 (H2O2),蒸发过氧化 (VHP),氧等离子体和等离子体.
- 评估了对 *Bacillus atrophaeus* 子, *Aspergillus niger* 子, *Deinococcus radiodurans* 和 *Brevundimonas diminuta* 的微生物无活化.
- 在相同的实验条件下评估了绝育的有效性.
主要成果:
- *Bacillus atrophaeus* 子对干热和紫外线有很高的抵抗力.
- IPA和H2O2对*D. radiodurans*和*B. diminuta*有效,但对*B. atrophaeus*子没有效果.
- VHP减少了子数量,而氧和等离子体对测试的微生物表现出差异性的疗效.
结论:
- 干热适用于耐热元件;VHP或等离子用于非耐热元件.
- 在组装过程中可以使用IPA,H2O2或UV进行额外的表面灭菌.
- 这项比较研究提供了在行星保护中选择绝育方法的基本标准.
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