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在过去的二十年中,两个不同的Fusarium graminearum种群殖民欧洲小麦

Tomasz Kulik¹, Tomasz Molcan², Katarzyna Bilska¹

¹Department of Botany and Nature Protection, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.

|December 28, 2023

概括

欧洲的Fusarium graminearum种群表现出明显的遗传适应. 种群基因组学确定了两个主要群体,东欧 (EE) 和西欧 (WE),具有独特的进化路径和局部适应用于小麦疾病控制.

科学领域:

人口基因组学是人口的基因组学.
植物病理学植物病理学
进化生物学是进化的生物学.

背景情况:

草菌 (Fusarium graminearum) 是一种主要的病原体,在欧洲小麦中引起草菌头部病 (FHB).
了解其种群结构和遗传适应对于疾病管理至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了研究欧洲Fusarium graminearum的种群结构.
识别在选择中的基因标,这些基因标有助于适应和毒性.
揭示导致微观进化差异的遗传特征,以改善病原体控制策略.

主要方法:

对96个Fusarium graminearum菌株进行了种群基因组学分析.
贝叶斯和族系学分析以推断人口结构和进化历史.
检测基因中的积极选择和对辅助基因保存的分析.

主要成果:

确定了两个不同的,独立进化的群体:东欧 (EE) 和西欧 (WE).
EE菌株分布广泛,而WE菌株在很大程度上是西欧的特有菌株.
检测到与结合,转录和运输相关的基因中的特定人群选择,驱动适应.
主要在WE群体中发现了参与病毒性 (tannase/feruloyl esterase同类物,氧化降解蛋白) 的种群特异辅助基因.

结论:

在欧洲,Fusarium graminearum表现出显著的微观进化差异,由不同的选择压力形成.
在EE和WE种群中,局部适应有助于它们的生态利基.
发现的特定基因,特别是在WE群体中,是未来研究和FHB控制策略的关键目标.

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