灵长类动物的社会组织是从一个灵活的双重生活的祖先进化而来的
Charlotte-Anaïs Olivier1,2, Jordan S Martin3, Camille Pilisi1
1Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS, Department of Ethology and Evolutionary Physiology, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67200, France.
概括
祖先的灵长类社会组织很可能是可变的,而不是孤独的. 伴侣生活是常见的,挑战了关于灵长类动物进化和社会结构的先前假设.
科学领域:
- 灵长类动物进化生物学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 古人类学古人类学.
背景情况:
- 了解灵长类动物的社会进化是人类社会性的关键.
- 以前的假设表明孤独的祖先,后来进化为伴侣生活.
- 最近的发现揭示了未经研究的物种中的伴侣生活和内部特异性变异.
研究的目的:
- 重建灵长类动物的祖先社会组织.
- 调查社会制度之间转型的驱动因素.
- 用全面的数据挑战孤独祖先假设.
主要方法:
- 从对灵长类社会单位的初级现场研究中编制了一个数据库.
- 采用贝叶斯系遗传模型推断祖先状态.
- 考虑了社会组织的物种内特异性变化.
主要成果:
- 祖先灵长类动物的社会组织被推断为可变的,伴侣生活是最常见的.
- 10-20%的祖先社会单位可能生活在孤独中.
- 身体尺寸和活动模式显著影响了社会组织的过渡.
结论:
- 灵长类的孤独祖先假说受到挑战.
- 伴侣生活似乎是一种祖先的特征,与体型小有关.
- 考虑种内变异对于理解灵长类动物的社会进化至关重要.
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