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双语和单语儿童的皮层下和小脑体积差异:一项ABCD研究
My V H Nguyen1, Yinan Xu1, Kelly A Vaughn2
1Department of Psychology, University of Houston, United States.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|December 28, 2023
概括
双语儿童与单语儿童相比,表现出明显的皮质下大脑体积,语言经验影响儿童和青少年的大脑结构和词汇发展.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 双语可能会改变语言发展的时间表,并影响皮质下大脑区域.
- 现有的研究主要涉及成年人,对儿童和青少年的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究双语和单语儿童之间的皮层下大脑体积差异.
- 检查这些群体中英语词汇和皮下体积之间的关系.
- 探索语言使用对双语儿童大脑结构的影响.
主要方法:
- 在ABCD研究中利用了1215名双语和5894名单语儿童的数据.
- 语言群体之间的皮层下体积的比较.
- 分析了英语词汇和皮质下体积之间的相关性,考虑到语言使用.
主要成果:
- 双语儿童的小脑体积较小,但大脑,大脑和白色球体体积较大.
- 所有儿童的英语词汇量与多个皮质下区域的体积正相关.
- 单语青少年的词汇量和核对应体积之间的联系在单语青少年中更为强烈.
结论:
- 这些发现与由于双语而导致的下皮层区域的动态体积适应相一致.
- 双语影响儿童和青少年时期的皮质下大脑发育.
- 需要进一步的纵向研究,以了解双语个体的结构性大脑变化.
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