根据欧盟2030年生物多样性战略,生物多样性风险的泄漏
Richard Fischer1, Eliza Zhunusova1, Sven Günter1
1Thünen Institute of Forestry, Forestry Worldwide Unit, Hamburg, Germany.
概括
欧盟2030年生物多样性战略可能会增加非欧盟国家的木材采伐,增加生物多样性风险. 这些国家通常具有较低的治理,较不可持续的森林管理和更高的灭绝风险,需要采取保障措施.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境政策 环境政策
- 保护科学 保护科学
背景情况:
- 欧盟2030年生物多样性战略 (EUBDS) 旨在促进欧盟内的森林保护.
- 这一战略可能会无意中增加非欧盟国家的木材采伐和相关的生物多样性风险.
- 评估这种潜在的环境影响"泄漏"对于有效的全球生物多样性保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化非欧盟国家的潜在生物多样性风险和脆弱性,这些风险和脆弱性是由EUBDS造成的.
- 评估当前欧盟法规在防止跨境环境负面影响方面的有效性.
- 在国际木材贸易转移的背景下,确定评估森林生物多样性脆弱性的关键指标.
主要方法:
- 开发一个使用26个公开可用的生物多样性指标的指标框架.
- 权重指标值与模拟数据在EUBDS实施下木材生产变化.
- 在受木材生产转移影响的欧盟和非欧盟国家之间对环境和治理因素的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 近80%的指标显示,非欧盟国家在准木材生产的国家的脆弱性增加.
- 圆木生产转移到治理质量较差,森林管理不那么可持续,息地更自然,物种灭绝风险更高的国家.
- 与欧盟国家相比,非欧盟国家平均有较少的保护区和较低的森林覆盖面.
结论:
- 由于木材采伐增加,EUBDS实施可能会对非欧盟国家的生物多样性造成重大损害.
- 目前的法规,如欧盟的无森林砍伐供应链规则,可能不足.
- 有效的土地利用规划和全球保护计划对于减轻生物多样性风险泄漏和支持可持续圆木生产至关重要.
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