撒哈拉以南非洲青少年的高血压:一个系统的审查
Mussa K Nsanya1, Rachel Abramson2, Godfrey A Kisigo1,3
1Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit/National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania.
Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine
|December 29, 2023
概括
青少年高血压 (HTN) 是撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 的重大公共卫生问题,其流行率差异很大. 需要对非传统风险因素和心血管疾病并发症进行更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心血管疾病流行病学
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 青少年高血压 (HTN) 是一个日益关注的问题,与高收入国家的过早心血管疾病 (CVD) 有关.
- 在撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 的青少年中HTN患病率,风险因素和心血管疾病并发症的数据有限.
- 了解这些因素对于制定有针对性的公共卫生干预措施来预防SSA年轻人心血管疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关撒哈拉以南非洲青少年高血压患病率的现有数据.
- 为了确定相关的传统和非传统的风险因素,青少年高血压在SSA.
- 评估该地区与青少年高血压相关的心血管疾病并发症报告.
主要方法:
- 在2021年12月之前,对五个主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,Google Scholar,Web of Science,African Index Medicus) 进行了全面的系统搜索.
- 搜索术语包括"青少年"",高血压"和SSA.中的国家名称.
- 在选了3088篇摘要和583篇全文文章后,包括了1968年至2021年间发表的92篇文章,主要是横截面研究.
主要成果:
- 在SSA中青少年高血压的患病率从0.18%到34.0%不等,中位数为5.5%.
- 在使用自动血压装置和百分位数定义的研究中观察到更高的患病率,特别是在南非.
- 常见的风险因素包括年龄,性别,体重指数和身体不活动;非传统因素和心血管疾病并发症很少被评估.
结论:
- 青少年高血压是SSA中普遍存在的问题,代表着重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 对非传统风险因素和HTN在这个人群中的长期心血管并发症进行更多研究是非常需要的.
- 长度研究对于准确确定SSA中青少年高血压的发病率,病因和后果至关重要.
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