对化剂在不同环境中代谢关键可溶性有机的策略,相互作用和演变的基因组洞察力
Qian Liu1,2,3, Yuhao Chen2,4, Xue-Wei Xu2,3,4
1Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.
Frontiers in microbiology
|December 29, 2023
概括
化微生物可以利用可变溶解有机 (LDON),特别是尿素,具有明显的代谢潜力. 这些LDON代谢的差异影响了它们的生态和进化路径.
科学领域:
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
- 环境微生物学 环境微生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 化在循环中至关重要,由氨氧化古生物 (AOA),氨氧化细菌 (AOB),酸氧化细菌 (NOB) 和完整的氨氧化剂 (comammox) 进行.
- 一些化组可以代谢不稳定的溶解有机 (LDON),以满足它们的需求.
- 不同化剂群体中LDON代谢的程度和普遍性仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 在AOA,AOB,NOB和comammox中研究代谢代表性LDON化合物的基因组潜力 (尿素,聚胺,酸盐,牛,糖氨酸,甲基胺).
- 了解LDON代谢在化物中的进化起源和潜在的生态影响.
主要方法:
- 在各种环境中收集和分析了来自AOA,AOB,NOB和comammox的70个完整基因组.
- 进行基因组分析以确定参与特定LDON化合物的运输和代谢的基因.
- 使用了植物遗传学分析,GC含量和Codon适应指数来推断基因进化和横向基因转移 (LGT).
主要成果:
- 尿素是最常用的LDON,在化剂组中发现了独特的载体基因 (例如,dur3,utp,urtABCDE) 和尿素酶基因 (ureABC).
- 酸盐代谢基因 (cynABD,focA/nirC,cynS) 主要在NOB中检测到,这表明对于高需求更广泛地利用基质.
- 聚胺, taurine, glycine betaine 和甲基胺代谢的基因在很大程度上不存在,这表明大多数化剂对这些化合物的利用有限.
结论:
- LDON利用是化剂中常见的特征,但它们的代谢能力有很大差异.
- 在LDON转运基因的差异表明利基差异化和不同的尿素利用效率.
- 基因组和遗传学分析揭示了AOA中尿素代谢的独立演变以及酸盐代谢基因的潜在古老LGT事件.
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