情绪反应和调节的神经分离能力
Jin-Xiao Zhang1, Matt L Dixon1, Philippe R Goldin2
1Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA.
Affective science
|December 29, 2023
概括
情绪的反应性和调节在大脑中可能不存在空间区别. 神经成像研究发现两种过程的重叠大脑激活模式,挑战了情感科学中以前的假设.
科学领域:
- 情感科学是一种情感科学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 情感科学的一个核心概念是区分情感反应和情感调节.
- 理论上,这种区别涉及到空间上分离的神经系统.
- 以前的研究提供了关于这种神经分离性假设的混合证据.
研究的目的:
- 对情绪反应和调节的神经基础的现有文献进行批判性审查.
- 实证地测试这样一个假设:支持情绪反应的脑区域与支持情绪调节的脑区域在空间上是不同的.
主要方法:
- 进行了全面的文献审查.
- 进行了五项功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 研究,共336名参与者 (健康和临床样本).
- 参与者观看了情感唤起的刺激,并被告知要么自然反应,要么通过重新评估来调节他们的情绪.
主要成果:
- 在五项研究中,没有发现对神经分离性假设的支持.
- 单变量分析显示,与反应相比,在调节期间,假定的"反应性"区域的激活程度相似或更大.
- 多变量模式分析 (MVPA) 显示,与反应相关的神经模式比与调节相关的神经模式更容易解码,即使在假定的"调节"区域.
结论:
- 这些发现挑战了对情绪反应和调节的空间特异神经系统的假设.
- fMRI数据表明,这两个过程的大脑激活模式的重叠是显著的.
- 未来的研究应该探索替代的理论模型,以了解情绪调节的神经支柱.
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