焦虑是否会系统地偏见儿童注意力缺陷/多动障碍执行功能缺陷的估计?
Carolyn L Marsh1, Sherelle L Harmon1, Sooyun Cho1
1Florida State University, Department of Psychology, 1107 W. Call Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4301, USA.
Research on child and adolescent psychopathology
|December 29, 2023
概括
儿童ADHD涉及显著的工作记忆缺陷,但同时出现的焦虑不会使这些执行功能障碍恶化. 焦虑没有影响ADHD儿童的工作记忆或抑制估计.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
背景情况:
- 儿童注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 与执行功能缺陷有关,特别是在工作记忆和抑制控制方面.
- 患有多动症儿童的同时出现的焦虑是常见的,可能会影响认知评估,可能会混以前的发现.
- 以前的研究表明,焦虑可能会对工作记忆和抑制产生不同的影响,因此需要进一步调查其在与ADHD相关的执行功能障碍中的作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究同时出现的焦虑对ADHD儿童工作记忆和抑制控制缺陷的影响.
- 确定焦虑是否有系统地影响儿科ADHD执行功能障碍的估计.
- 检查焦虑和ADHD对执行功能表现的独特贡献.
主要方法:
- 招募了339名儿童 (8-13岁) 的精心表型样本,其中有197名患有多动症和142名没有多动症.
- 对所有参与者的执行功能,特别是工作记忆和抑制控制进行了评估.
- 儿童特征焦虑在多个告知者 (儿童,家长,老师) 中被测量了维度和分类,并与ADHD诊断和执行功能结果相关分析.
主要成果:
- 诊断ADHD与工作记忆的显著损害 (d=0.99) 和抑制控制的较小损害 (d=0.31) 相关.
- 儿童特征焦虑,按尺寸评估,并没有独特地预测执行功能的表现或与ADHD相关的中度缺陷.
- 在临床评估的儿童中,分类焦虑诊断预测工作记忆略有改善,但没有抑制控制,独立于ADHD.
结论:
- 特征焦虑,无论是以维度或分类来衡量,似乎都不会对儿科多动症执行功能障碍的估计产生差异性影响或混.
- 患有多动症儿童的执行功能障碍主要是由多动症本身驱动的,特征焦虑在多动症之外并没有显著贡献.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索焦虑,多动症症状和儿童神经认知功能之间的复杂相互作用.
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