使用索赔数据库比较linezolid和vancomycin之间恶心和吐的发生率:一个回顾性队列研究
Takezo Tsutsumi1,2, Shungo Imai3,4, Kenji Momo5
1Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
International journal of clinical pharmacy
|December 29, 2023
概括
与万科米辛相比,线索利德治疗与恶心和吐的发病率较高有关. 这项研究证实了linezolid在大量患者队列中是这些不良事件的危险因素.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 临床药理学 临床药理学
- 药品安全 药品安全
背景情况:
- 恶心和吐是已知的linezolid治疗的副作用.
- 之前关于linezolid诱导的恶心和吐的研究由于单中心设计,外部有效性有限.
- 需要可概括的数据来确认这些不良事件的发生率和风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估与范科米辛相比,在接受linezolid的患者中恶心和吐的发生率.
- 为了识别与恶心和吐相关的风险因素,在线索利德或万科米辛治疗期间.
- 利用日本的索赔数据库进行全面的安全分析.
主要方法:
- 一项使用日本索赔数据库的回顾性队列研究 (2005年1月 - 2017年6月).
- 鉴定了接受线索利德或万科米辛的患者,恶心和吐是由抗药处方定义的.
- 倾向分数匹配 (PSM) 用于控制患者特征,随后用于风险因素分析的逻辑回归.
主要成果:
- 在PSM之后,在每个组中分析了241名患者 (线化物与万科米辛).
- 恶心和吐的发生率明显高于linezolid组 (11.2%) 与科米辛组 (5.0%) 相比 (p < 0.05).
- 莱涅佐利德的使用被确定为恶心和吐的独立风险因素 (OR,2.09;95% CI,1.02-4.30).
结论:
- 这项研究证实了linezolid治疗与恶心和吐发病率增加之间存在显著的关联.
- 在抗生素治疗的背景下,线索利德是恶心和吐的确诊危险因素.
- 需要进一步的研究来调查线索利德诱导的恶心和吐的潜在机制.
相关概念视频
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists
165
Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy. SP binds and activates...
165
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists
206
5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
206
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists
295
Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
295
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids
279
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
279
Pharmacovigilance
838
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
838
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System I: Subjective Data
199
Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health History
The initial step in assessing the GI system is obtaining a comprehensive health history. This includes inquiring about the patient's history or presence of problems...
Health History
The initial step in assessing the GI system is obtaining a comprehensive health history. This includes inquiring about the patient's history or presence of problems...
199


