获得信念的原则. 我们如何阅读他人的思想
M T Pascarelli1, D Quarona1, G Barchiesi1
1Cognition in Action (CIA) Unit, PHILAB, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Philosophy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Consciousness and cognition
|December 30, 2023
概括
自动信念跟踪是社会认知的一个关键方面,它并不总是因代理人缺乏感知而受到干扰. 这挑战了当前对小型阅读能力的理解.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 人类的社会互动在很大程度上依赖于推断他人的心理状态,特别是信仰的能力.
- 研究表明,人们会自动追踪代理人的信仰,即使没有明确要求.
- 引导这种自动信念跟踪的基本原则在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响自动信念跟踪的因素.
- 测试一个代理的缺乏感知访问或受约束的行动是否会打断信念跟踪.
- 检查是否有明确的指示来跟踪信仰改变这些操纵的影响.
主要方法:
- 通过修改错误信念任务进行了六项实验.
- 参与者的信念跟踪是在操纵代理人的感知访问和行动可能性的条件下进行评估的.
- 这项研究比较了参与者被指示追踪信仰时的表现,而不是当他们没有被指示时.
主要成果:
- 当参与者没有明确指示追踪信念时,代理人的缺乏感知访问并没有打断信念跟踪.
- 研究结果表明,一些以前被标记为小阅读的现象可能不符合当前的定义,或者运行方式不同于预期.
结论:
- 自动信念跟踪比以前认为的要复杂得多.
- 在所有情况下,感知访问可能不是信念跟踪的必要条件.
- 该研究呼吁重新评估什么构成小阅读及其潜在机制.
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