研究静脉注射药物输注的水力动力学
M D Shujan Ali1, Steven Castleberry1
1Genentech Research and Early Development (gRED), United States.
International journal of pharmaceutics
|December 30, 2023
概括
使用Large-Eddy模拟 (LES) 的计算流体动力学 (CFD) 模拟揭示了静脉注射 (IV) 如何影响血液流动力学. 了解这些血液动力学是防止输液部位不良反应的关键.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 流体动力学 流体动力学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 输液部位反应是静脉注射 (IV) 治疗期间常见的不良事件.
- 连接药物输注和这些反应 (如发红,疼痛或血栓炎) 的精确机制仍然不太清楚.
- 精确描述输液位的血液动力学环境对于开发更安全的静脉注射配方和预防诸如降水或炎等并发症至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 模拟和分析血液中的IV输注的流动和混合特征.
- 为了研究输液参数对输液部位血液动力学环境的影响.
- 为了解输液部位反应的原因提供见解.
主要方法:
- 在计算流体动力学 (CFD) 框架内采用Large-Eddy模拟 (LES) 流模型.
- 开发了一种新型的模拟,其中包含了一个现实的非牛顿血型模型,用于短暂的流场.
- 经过验证的模拟输出与使用血类同类物和水在各种流速上的基板实验相比.
主要成果:
- 差价合约模型准确地复制了基准测试中观察到的流量和混合模式.
- 证明了模拟IV输注的短暂流场的能力.
- 展示了不同流体风湿学,针方向和位置对混合方案的影响.
结论:
- 莱斯CFD模拟为了解IV输液血液动力学提供了强大的工具.
- 这项研究提供了使用LES CFD与非牛顿血模型进行IV输注的第一个过渡流场分析.
- 这些发现强调了输液参数在确定混合和潜在不良事件方面的重要性,指导了未来的配方开发.
相关概念视频
01:09One-Compartment Model: IV Infusion
199
Intravenous (IV) infusion is often utilized when continuous and controlled drug delivery is necessary, such as during surgery or in the treatment of chronic diseases. This method offers numerous advantages, including immediate drug action, precise control over dosage, and bypassing the first-pass metabolism.
The one-compartment model for IV infusion uses mathematical equations to describe the rate of change in drug quantity in the body. At steady-state or infusion equilibrium, the drug input...
The one-compartment model for IV infusion uses mathematical equations to describe the rate of change in drug quantity in the body. At steady-state or infusion equilibrium, the drug input...
199
01:15Two-Compartment Open Model: IV Infusion
240
A two-compartment model is a vital tool in pharmacokinetics, providing an essential understanding of drug behavior, especially for those administered via zero-order intravenous infusion. This model outlines two compartments: the central compartment, where elimination occurs, and the peripheral compartment.
The model illustrates the decrease in plasma drug concentration from the central compartment with a specific equation. It shows that under steady-state conditions, the drug's input rate...
The model illustrates the decrease in plasma drug concentration from the central compartment with a specific equation. It shows that under steady-state conditions, the drug's input rate...
240
01:25Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral
2.0K
The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
2.0K
01:25Drug Distribution: Volume of Distribution
5.1K
The volume of distribution refers to the theoretical volume necessary to contain the entire amount of an administered drug at the same concentration observed in the blood plasma. The body's intracellular fluid compartment, which makes up two-thirds of the total body water, is contrasted with the extracellular fluid compartment—comprising plasma and interstitial fluid—that accounts for one-third. The volume of distribution can vary depending on the characteristics of the drug.
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01:18Two-Compartment Open Model: IV Bolus Administration
520
The two-compartment model for intravenous (IV) bolus administration illustrates drug distribution in the body, subdividing it into central and peripheral compartments. This model operates on the concept of two-compartment kinetics. The drug's plasma concentration shows a bi-exponential decline following IV bolus administration, signaling the presence of two disposition processes: distribution and elimination.
The disparity between drug input and the sum of drug transfer rates between...
The disparity between drug input and the sum of drug transfer rates between...
520
00:59Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Drug Elimination for IV Bolus Injection
72
In pharmacokinetics, the elimination rate of a drug following a capacity-limited model is primarily controlled by two parameters: Vmax and KM. These parameters are crucial in how the drug behaves inside the body after administration.
Following the administration of a single intravenous (IV) bolus injection, we can determine the concentration of the drug in the plasma at any given time. This calculation is achieved using a specific equation that integrates the values of Vmax and KM.
We can also...
Following the administration of a single intravenous (IV) bolus injection, we can determine the concentration of the drug in the plasma at any given time. This calculation is achieved using a specific equation that integrates the values of Vmax and KM.
We can also...
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