大型语言模型 (LLMS) 和生物医学聊天
Cecilia Arighi1, Steven Brenner, Zhiyong Lu
1Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Ammon-Pinizzotto, Biopharmaceutical Innovation Building, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE19713, US†Work partially supported by NIH award U24 HG007822., arighi@udel.edu.
Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing
|December 31, 2023
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 是一种人工智能,通过分析数据和生成内容,正在改变生物医学. 这次研讨会探讨了它们在生物医学领域的应用,创新和挑战.
科学领域:
- 生物医学信息学 生物医学信息学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
背景情况:
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 代表了人工智能的重大进步.
- 在处理,分析和生成基于文本的数据方面,LLM拥有先进的能力.
- 它们在生物医学中的应用正在迅速扩大,因为它们有能力处理复杂的生物信息.
研究的目的:
- 为生物医学领域LLM的出现和影响提供全面的概述.
- 阐明LLMs在推动生物医学研究和实践的进步和增强结果的创新应用.
- 讨论与实施生物医学LLM相关的固有挑战,局限性和潜在陷.
主要方法:
- 对当前生物医学LLM应用的文献综述.
- 分析展示LLM驱动创新的案例研究.
- 识别和讨论道德和技术挑战.
主要成果:
- 在各种生物医学子领域,LLM正在展示变革的潜力.
- 关键应用包括药物发现,临床试验优化和个性化医疗.
- 在数据隐私,模型解释性和监管合规性方面仍然存在重大挑战.
结论:
- 士学位准备彻底改变生物医学研究和医疗保健服务.
- 积极应对挑战对于负责任和有效的LLM整合至关重要.
- 持续的研究和开发对于充分利用生物医学LLM的好处至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:11Genetic Lingo
Overview
01:10Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
01:24Components of Language
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs. “eh”). Phonemes combine to...
01:27Language and Cognition
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
01:25Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology l
Pathophysiology investigates how biological mechanisms—typically starting at the cellular level—disrupt normal bodily functions. It bridges anatomy and physiology to explain the progression of disease. With this foundation, it is important to understand the following key terms used to describe disease processes: Diagnosis:The process of identifying a disease using clinical evaluation, including signs (objective evidence like rashes), symptoms (subjective experiences like pain), laboratory test...
01:17Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology ll
This lesson explores key terms that describe how diseases progress, their outcomes, and their distribution in populations.Diagnostic tests identify diseases and monitor treatment. These include blood and urine tests, biopsies, imaging (X-ray, MRI), and detection of infectious agents.Remission is a reduction or disappearance of symptoms.Exacerbation refers to the worsening of symptoms, such as increased wheezing during an asthma attack.A precipitating factor triggers an acute episode, while a...