在早产儿的健康差异
Judy Brown1,2, Xiaolin Chang3, Adam Matson4,5
1Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.
Frontiers in public health
|January 1, 2024
概括
黑人非裔美国母亲面临更高的早产风险和更差的婴儿结果. 终身压力和歧视有助于这些健康差异,需要有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 围产期的健康差异
- 新生儿的神经发育.
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 黑人非裔美国人 (B/AA) 妇女的早产率比非西班牙裔白人 (W) 妇女高出2-3倍.
- 过早分娩是导致婴儿死亡和B/AA婴儿不良健康结果的主要原因.
- 在孕产妇和婴儿健康方面存在的种族不平等仍然存在,成为公共卫生危机.
研究的目的:
- 调查B/AA母亲的早产和婴儿结果之间的差异.
- 探索终身压力和歧视在早产和婴儿后果不平等中的作用.
- 分析新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 压力因素对早产婴儿神经行为发育的影响.
主要方法:
- 从197名参与者的电子健康记录中分析了4年来的人类测量和临床数据.
- 利用新生儿婴儿压力量表来量化急性和慢性疼痛/压力过程.
- 使用新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 网络神经行为量表来评估神经行为差异.
主要成果:
- B/AA的母亲比W的母亲早产了早产的婴儿.
- 与年龄相匹配的W.婴儿相比,B/AA早产婴儿的NICU停留时间 (超过2周) 显着更长 (超过2周).
- B/AA早产婴儿有更多的慢性救命手术,与改变的应激反应相关.
结论:
- 过早出生率和婴儿后果凸显了B/AA婴儿的严重健康不平等.
- 新生儿重症监护室的压力和疼痛是早产婴儿发育和神经发育结果的重要因素.
- 需要采取干预措施和政策来减少歧视,并改善BIPOC社区健康的社会决定因素.
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