将体力活动评估和行为改变技术纳入老年病学
Mariana Wingood1,2, Jonathan F Bean3,4,5, Amy M Linsky6,7,8
1Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation
|January 1, 2024
概括
大多数老年人身体不活跃,增加健康风险. 本指南有助于医疗保健提供者评估活动水平并创建个性化计划,改善患者的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 91%的65岁以上成年人不符合身体活动 (PA) 建议,从而增加了残疾,发病率和死亡率的风险.
- 存在很大的差距,因为50%-75%的医疗保健提供者不使用行为改变技术来解决不充分的PA水平.
- 这种差距源于供应商在评估PA,解决低PA问题以及证明这些干预措施的时间方面的缺陷.
研究的目的:
- 为医疗保健提供者提供一个实用的,三步临床决策途径,以解决老年人体育活动的问题.
- 提供一个概念模型,将PA评估和干预与年龄友好型医疗系统的4M (重要的是什么,思维,流动性,药物) 联系起来.
- 通过指导行动计划,使老年人能够提高他们的体育活动水平.
主要方法:
- 开发一个基于理论的,三步临床决策途径.
- 在临床工作流程中整合PA评估和干预策略.
- 概念模型将PA与年龄友好型卫生系统的4M框架协调一致.
主要成果:
- 一个结构化的途径来识别老年人与不充分的PA水平.
- 关于评估患者准备增加PA的指导.
- 一种授权患者制定个性化PA行动计划的方法.
结论:
- 拟议的途径和模型可以弥合解决老年人体育活动的临床差距.
- 将PA整合到常规护理中,与患者优先级 (4Ms) 相关,可以提高坚持和结果.
- 这种方法支持积极的健康管理和改善老龄化人口的生活质量.
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