洞察尼罗河三角洲东部人为和气候变化下的土地覆盖动态和水资源挑战:从遥感和GIS数据的推断
Youssef M Youssef1, Khaled S Gemail2, Hafsa M Atia3
1Department of Geological and Geophysical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt.
The Science of the total environment
|January 1, 2024
概括
气候变化和人类活动正在破坏三角洲的稳定,影响淡水和食物. 对像尼罗河三角洲这样的脆弱地区来说,监测土地使用,海岸线和水储量至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
- 水文学的水文学
背景情况:
- 世界各地的三角洲因气候变化和人类活动而面临不稳定,威胁到淡水和粮食安全.
- 尼罗河三角洲是一个脆弱的地区,经历了重大的环境压力因素.
- 监测土地使用/土地覆盖 (LULC),海岸线和陆地水储 (TWS) 对资源保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究LULC的动态变化及其对东尼罗河三角洲水和土壤的影响.
- 评估气候变化和人类活动对这个脆弱的三角洲地区的综合影响.
- 为有效的水分配,土地利用监管和气候适应战略提供数据.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自Landsat (5,8,9) 和GRACE数据集的遥感数据.
- 使用地理信息系统 (GIS) 工具和现场观测进行全面分析.
- 量化海岸线变化,LULC动态,陆地储水 (TWS) 变化和土壤盐度.
主要成果:
- 由于海平面上升,观测到的海岸侵蚀率为每年5.2834.92米,预计内陆海岸线移动.
- 检测到LULC的重大变化,包括城市化增加和农业面积变化,影响水需求.
- 平均TWS下降了77.89毫米 (2002年至2017年),以每年 -5.821毫米的速度.
- 由于土壤盐度高 (EC 3.60190 ds/m) 在脆弱地区的农业退化得到证实.
结论:
- 尼罗河东部三角洲正在经历重大环境变化,包括海岸侵蚀和水资源枯竭.
- 水资源需求的变化,特别是城市化,加剧了水需求的挑战.
- 由于盐度导致的土壤退化对该地区的农业可持续性构成威胁.
- 研究结果为全球脆弱的三角洲开发适应性管理策略提供了关键的见解.
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