年轻成年人精神健康差异与逮捕史:基于调查的,横截面分析
Onur Baser1,2,3, Katarzyna Rodchenko4, Yixuan Zeng4,5
1Department of Economics, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Türkiye. onur.baser@bogazici.edu.tr.
Health & justice
|January 2, 2024
概括
逮捕史显著影响年轻成年人的心理健康,特别是女性,增加了吸毒,自杀念头和严重精神疾病的风险. 在被捕者中解决心理健康需求可以减少重复犯罪.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在美国,每年有数以百万计的逮捕事件发生,年轻人受到了不成比例的影响.
- 精神健康差异在被监禁人群中很明显,但在年轻人中没有得到充分的研究.
- 对年轻人的刑事司法参与需要进一步调查心理健康结果.
研究的目的:
- 调查18至25岁成年人中逮捕史和心理健康之间的关联.
- 分析刑事司法参与如何影响年轻人的特定心理健康状况.
主要方法:
- 2021年国家毒品使用和健康调查 (NSDUH) 的二次数据分析.
- 13,494个年龄在18-25岁之间的个体的子样本,以逮捕史作为独立变量.
- 多变量逻辑回归模型检查了与抑郁症,严重精神疾病 (SMI),物质使用,自杀念头和自杀企图的关联,控制人口统计数据.
主要成果:
- 逮捕史与年轻女性所有研究精神健康问题的可能性增加有关.
- 曾经被逮捕过的年轻女性使用物质 (OR 15.19),自杀未遂 (OR 2.27),SMI (OR 1.79),自杀念头 (OR 1.75) 和抑郁 (OR 1.52) 的几率明显更高.
- 曾经被捕的年轻人使用物质 (OR 13.37),自杀未遂 (OR 1.82) 和自杀念头 (OR 1.45) 的几率增加.
结论:
- 在年轻成年人中,逮捕史和心理健康问题之间存在显著的联系.
- 逮捕史与年轻女性所有检查的心理健康问题以及年轻男性的物质使用/自杀相关问题密切相关.
- 整合被捕者的心理健康护理可以改善个人福祉,减少刑事司法复犯.
相关概念视频
01:50Cross-Sectional Research
11.3K
In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
11.3K
02:16Surveys
14.8K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.8K
01:28Conduct Disorder
36
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
36
02:20Longitudinal Research
12.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.0K
01:30Stress and Mental Health
157
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
157
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
91
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
91