高等教育完成率的社会不平等:教育领域的异质性
Håvard Helland1, Thea B Strømme1
1The Center for the Study of Professions, Oslo Metropolitan University (OsloMet), Oslo, Norway.
The British journal of sociology
|January 2, 2024
概括
高等教育中学率的社会差异因学科而异. 特定领域的文化资本,不仅仅是一般的学术准备,影响完成,特别是在人文和社会科学.
科学领域:
- 教育社会学教育的社会学
- 高等教育研究 高等教育研究
- 社会分层的社会分层.
背景情况:
- 第一代学生的高等教育完成率通常较低.
- 在教育领域中脱学率的社会差异是不太了解的.
- 文化资本,无论是一般的还是特定领域的,都可能影响学生的成功.
研究的目的:
- 调查高等教育中的社会差异,以及高等教育中学率如何因教育领域而异.
- 在学位完成过程中区分一般文化资本和特定领域文化资本的作用.
- 为了确定哪些教育领域在完成率方面表现出最大的社会不平等.
主要方法:
- 对约40万名学生的挪威登记数据的分析.
- 区分一般文化资本和特定领域的文化资本.
- 对高中平均成绩 (GPA) 进行控制以隔离效应.
主要成果:
- 一般文化资本主要影响高中学术准备.
- 社会不平等在"软和纯"领域 (例如,人文学科,社会科学) 是最大的.
- 在"软和应用"领域 (例如教学,社会工作),在控制了GPA之后,社会差异是微不足道的.
- 在"硬"领域,只有父母在类似的教育领域的学生比第一代学生的完成率更高.
结论:
- 特定领域的文化资本在高等教育完成方面发挥着重要作用,不仅仅是学术准备.
- 退学率的社会不平等集中在特定类型的教育领域.
- 状态组的形成,特定领域的文化资本和微阶级的繁殖可能解释了观察到的模式.
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