自治干预对慢性阻塞性肺部疾病患者的影响,尼泊尔Chitwan
Kalpana Sharma1, Hem K Subba1, Sunita Poudyal1
1School of Nursing, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal.
PloS one
|January 2, 2024
概括
自主管理干预措施显著改善了慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 患者的日常护理实践,并减少了症状. 这突显了结构化计划对于提高患者福祉和寿命的重要性.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 健康 行为 健康行为
- 患者教育 患者教育
背景情况:
- 对于患有慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的患者来说,有效的自我管理对于他们的日常护理责任至关重要.
- 低于最佳的自我管理行为会对COPD症状,功能能力和整体生活质量产生负面影响.
- 有证据支持自我管理干预措施,使患者能够管理不断演变的症状并做出明智的决定.
研究的目的:
- 评估自我管理干预措施对COPD患者的影响.
- 关键的结果指标包括自我管理技能,吸入器技术,症状负担,功能状态,感知呼吸障碍和情感福祉.
主要方法:
- 在尼泊尔的Chitwan医学院教学医院,对70名COPD患者进行了准实验性的预测后测试设计.
- 干预包括每周2.5小时的6周的会议,并补充了信息小册子.
- 通过采访,问卷,功能测试 (6MWD) 和观察检查清单收集数据,并通过Wilcoxon签名等级测试进行分析.
主要成果:
- 在自我管理实践 (p<0.001) 和吸入器技术 (p<0.001对于DPI,p=0.005对于MDI) 中观察到显著改善.
- 患者表现出增强的功能能力 (p<0.001),减少自我感知呼吸障碍 (p<0.001) 和降低COPD症状负担 (p<0.001).
- 情绪症状的统计显著减少,包括抑郁症 (p<0.001) 和焦虑症 (p<0.001).
结论:
- 自主管理干预措施有效地改善了COPD患者的治疗结果.
- 这些干预措施增强自我管理实践,减少症状负担,提高功能能力,缓解情绪困扰.
- 临床医生和政策制定者应该整合这样的康复计划,以优化COPD治疗和患者的寿命.
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