在2019年7月至9月期间完成的伊索尼亚预防性治疗:乌干达艾滋病毒差异化服务提供模式之间的比较
Levicatus Mugenyi1,2, Proscovia Mukonzo Namuwenge3, Simple Ouma1,4
1The AIDS Support Organization, Kampala, Uganda.
PloS one
|January 2, 2024
概括
在乌干达艾滋病毒感染者 (PLHIV) 中,伊索尼亚预防疗法 (IPT) 完成率很高,特别是在基于社区的差异化服务提供 (DSD) 模式中. 建议将IPT整合到DSD模型中,以有效预防结核病.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病管理
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 是艾滋病毒感染者 (PLHIV) 的主要死亡原因.
- 乌干达国家指导方针建议在PLHIV患者中使用伊索尼亚预防治疗 (IPT) 预防结核病.
- IPT通过各种差异化服务交付 (DSD) 模型进行交付,但其在这些模型中的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估通过乌干达的DSD模型提供IPT的影响.
- 在不同的DSD模型中比较IPT完成率.
- 在每个DSD模型中识别与IPT完成相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 2019年6月至9月期间启动IPT的2968名PLHIV患者的医疗记录的回顾性审查.
- 完成IPT定义为在6-9个月内完成异化.
- 修改Poisson回归用于在DSD模型中比较IPT完成,并确定相关因素.
主要成果:
- 总体IPT完成率为92.8%,以社区为基础的模型的最高率 (CDDP: 98.1%) 和以设施为基础的组的最低率 (FBG: 85.8%).
- 社区药物分发点 (CDDP) 和社区客户主导的ART交付 (CCLAD) 的IPT完成率明显高于基于设施的个人管理 (FBIM).
- 影响完成的因素包括年龄和性别,根据DSD模型而异;完成在FBIM和CCLAD中随年龄增加,在CCLAD中的女性中较低.
结论:
- 总体而言,IPT完成率很高,在基于社区的DSD模型中明显更高.
- 结果支持将IPT整合到UDS模型中,用于乌干达和类似环境中的ART交付.
- DSD模型,特别是基于社区的模型,对于提供IPT和改善PLHIV中结核病预防有效.
相关概念视频
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
180
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
180
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
46.0K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
46.0K
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
244
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
244
01:26Sexually Transmitted Infections
316
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
316