为解决全球粮食不安全问题的政策和实践提供证据
Lora Iannotti1, Eliza Kleban1, Patrizia Fracassi2
1E3 Nutrition Lab, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
Annual review of public health
|January 3, 2024
概括
全球粮食不安全影响数以百万计的人,原因是贫困和气候变化. 在整个农业食品系统中,整合的,基于证据的政策对于消除饥饿至关重要.
科学领域:
- 农业经济学 农业经济学
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 发展研究 发展研究 研究
背景情况:
- 粮食不安全影响全球6.91亿至7.83亿人,非洲和亚洲的粮食不安全率较高.
- 主要驱动因素包括贫困,冲突,气候变化和全球化.
- 农业食品系统面临着确保食品的可用性,可负担性和营养质量的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关农业食品体系框架内的政策和实践的证据.
- 为未来的粮食安全倡议确定研究缺口.
- 为消除全球饥饿的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对政策和实践的证据进行系统审查.
- 对农业食品系统的五个要素进行分析:可用性,可负担性,推广性和可持续性.
- 识别知识缺口和未来研究领域.
主要成果:
- 不平衡的农业政策有利于主食生产者,对小农和女性生产者的数据有限.
- 现金转移,粮食援助和学校养计划显示了改善可负担性和效益的证据.
- 基于食物的饮食指南可以提高营养,但可能与当前的证据或食品供应不一致.
- 关于食品环境促进和可持续性的新兴证据为长期影响提供了见解.
结论:
- 为了消除饥饿,综合方法至关重要.
- 扩大基于证据的政策和实践至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究,特别是关于小农和女性生产者以及新的食品环境元素.
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