跨障碍的联系:揭示功能领域之间的关联
1Geneva School of Health Science, University of Applied Sciences Geneva HES-SO, Geneva, Switzerland. jyotidalal20@gmail.com.
BMC public health
|January 3, 2024
概括
残疾人经常在多个领域面临相互关联的功能困难. 这项研究在六个国家的这些困难之间发现了一致的正相关性,突出了潜在的系统性护理障碍.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 与普通人群相比,残疾人面临更高的死亡率和更差的健康结果.
- 了解功能困难的相互联系对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计六个不同国家的不同领域的功能困难之间的相关性.
- 确定哪些功能领域最常与其他领域的困难相关.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自6个国家的全国人口普查数据:毛里求斯,摩洛哥,塞内加尔,缅甸,越南和乌拉圭.
- 运用后勤回归来计算权重赔率比率 (ORs) 来计算不同领域的功能困难之间的关联,根据年龄,性别和位置进行调整.
- 进行了敏感性分析,以确保调查结果的可靠性.
主要成果:
- 在所有研究国家,在所有领域和年龄组 (18-44岁和45岁以上) 中都发现了功能困难之间的显著正相关性.
- 认知,移动和听力领域与其他功能困难的相关性最高,特别是听力与认知和移动与认知.
- 乌拉圭是该研究中唯一的高收入国家,其领域间的相关性最低.
结论:
- 这项研究证实,在受研究人群中,在多个领域的功能性困难的经验中,存在着一致的积极关联.
- 这些相关性可能表明在获得社会和医疗服务方面存在系统性障碍,可能导致可预防的功能衰退.
- 建议进行进一步的研究,以调查功能困难的发展轨迹,并确定社区和医疗机构内的结构性障碍.
相关概念视频
Learning Disabilities
147
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
147
Intellectual Disability
55
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
55
Autism Spectrum Disorder
99
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
99
Modeling in Therapy
84
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
84
Association Areas of the Cortex
5.4K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
5.4K
Language and Cognition
348
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
348


