由肠道细菌产生的维生素B调节胆固醇信号传递
Woo Kyu Kang1, Jeremy T Florman1, Antonia Araya1
1Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
Nature cell biology
|January 3, 2024
概括
生产维生素B12的肠道细菌可以通过改变神经信号来影响宿主的行为. 这项研究揭示了维生素B12如何影响甲因循环,影响胆的可用性并减少神经系统中的胆能信号传递.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 代谢工程是代谢工程.
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群显著影响宿主大脑功能和行为.
- 肠道细菌影响神经系统的精确分子机制在很大程度上仍未被定义.
研究的目的:
- 阐明生产维生素B12的肠道细菌如何调节宿主神经系统功能和行为.
- 研究 metionin/S-adenosylmethionine循环和胆代谢在肠-大脑通信中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用模型生物Caenorhabditis elegans研究肠-大脑轴相互作用.
- 研究的代谢途径包括氨酸/S-adenosylmethionine循环和胆氧化途径.
- 分析了细菌维生素B12生产对胆固醇信号和宿主行为的影响.
主要成果:
- 已经证明,产生维生素B12的细菌可以调节C. elegans.中的刺激性胆固醇信号传递.
- 维生素B12已被证明可以在肠道中重新连接 metionin/S-adenosylmethionine 循环.
- 维生素B12的代谢重新连接限制了自由胆的可用性,减少了乙胆的合成和胆信号传递.
结论:
- 肠道细菌可以通过生产维生素B12建立肠-大脑通信通道.
- 这一途径涉及代谢交叉影响神经递质合成和宿主行为.
- 研究结果表明,肠道微生物群,维生素B12代谢和神经健康之间存在潜在联系.
更多相关视频
07:05Isolation and Characterization of the Natural Microbiota of the Model Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
Published on: August 17, 2022
3.1K
06:56Preparing and Rearing Axenic Insects with Tissue Cultured Seedlings for Host-Gut Microbiota Interaction Studies of the Leaf Beetle
Published on: October 8, 2021
2.5K
相关概念视频
Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine
457
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
457
Hormonal Regulation
43.5K
Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
43.5K
Cholinergic Neurons: Neurotransmission
2.9K
Cholinergic neurotransmission involves the synthesis and the release of acetylcholine (ACh) in order to transmit nerve impulses across the synapse. The process begins with the synthesis of acetyl CoA, a precursor for ACh, from ATP, acetate, and coenzyme A in the mitochondria. Choline, another vital precursor, is transported inside the neuron through choline transporters, including high-affinity choline transporter CHT1, low-affinity choline transporter CTL1, and lower-affinity choline...
2.9K
Bacterial Signaling
32.2K
Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
32.2K
Parasympathetic Signaling
1.9K
Parasympathetic signaling plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes. It involves the release of acetylcholine (ACh) by parasympathetic neurons, which can have localized and short-lived effects. The majority of ACh released is rapidly inactivated at the synapse by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which hydrolyzes Ach into choline and acetate. Additionally, the tissue cholinesterase deactivates any ACh diffusing into the surrounding tissues.
The effects of...
The effects of...
1.9K
Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity
398
The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
398
