感官过度反应和过度活动在理解婴儿恐惧和新兴自闭症特征方面的作用
Nisha Narvekar1, Virginia Carter Leno1, Greg Pasco1
1Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
概括
婴儿早期的感官过敏反应与恐惧和以后的自闭症特征有关. 低活性没有显示这些关联,这表明感官处理差异是自闭症发展的关键.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 感官处理 感官处理
背景情况:
- 非典型的感官反应是自闭症的核心特征,与焦虑和重复行为有关.
- 以前的研究经常使用横截面设计,限制了对高反应性与低活性角色的理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查感官反应 (过度反应和过度活动) 和婴儿期恐惧之间的纵向关联.
- 检查早期感官反应和晚期自闭症特征之间的关系,包括社会沟通和重复行为.
主要方法:
- 161名婴儿在10至36个月内进行了跟踪,父母对恐惧和感官反应的评级.
- 自闭症特征 (限制性和重复性行为;RRB和社会沟通互动;SCI) 在36个月后被评估.
- 交叉滞后模型分析了恐惧,感官反应和自闭症特征之间的时间关系,控制过度活跃.
主要成果:
- 14个月的婴儿过敏反应预测了24个月的恐惧.
- 24个月的过度反应性与以后的社交沟通和重复行为有关.
- 超反应性和自闭症特征之间的这些关联在模型中包括过度活跃性时变得无关紧要.
结论:
- 早期的感官过敏反应可能会增加婴儿的恐惧,并与以后的社会和行为挑战有关,特别是那些有自闭症或多动症家族史的人.
- 这些发现强调了考虑特定的感官处理模式的重要性,比如过度反应,理解自闭症的发展.
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